![]() ![]() Nida ( 1962), distinguishing definitions and descriptions, notes that a definition is a minimum amount of information about the subject, while a description contains more than just the meaning of the word. The term “interpretation” is often under-stood broadly, for example, as an explanation of the meaning of the word ( Pertsova, 1988). A common concept is that the lexical meaning of a word is found in its interpretation, which is considered as a translation of the word into a special semantic language ( Apresian, 1995). It is argued that the interpretation of a word is a broader concept than a definition. Often, experts in the field of logic, law and terminology do not see any differences between descriptions and definitions using these terms interchangeably ( Averbukh, 2004).Īccording to the majority of scholars, these terms should be distinguished. Various terms are used to denote this notion: “definition”, “interpretation”, and “description”. The question of the essence and structure of a definition has not yet been resolved. ![]() This conventionality is twofold: first, because both the plane of expression and the plane of content can be changed, and secondly, the plane of expression and the plane of content can be conventionally accepted. Thus, the meaning of a term is conventional. the main form of its existence, is definition ( Akhmanova & Glushko, 1974).ĭefinitions of science and art are temporary, because they are constantly changing in the process of reality cognition. Thus, one may say that the ontological basis of any term, i.e. The definition of a term indicates its inclusion in artificially created hierarchical structures of the subsystems of terms and notions. Specifics of legal discourse includes definitions as short narrations which are the starting point for further theoretical reasoning, legislative instruments, or the keynotes of debates, substantiation of a standpoint in a legal case, etc. A class is the indefinite multitude of individuals denoted by a general name. ![]() It would be more logical to reverse the proposition, and turn it into a definition of the word class. But this, though a convenient mode of expression for some purposes, is objectionable as a definition, since it ex-plains the clearer of two things by the more obscure. It is not unusual, by way of explaining what is meant by a general name, to say that it is the name of a class. Close connections between definitions and classifications may be found in the argumentations of Mill ( 1882), a logician of 19th century, concerning meanings of names: Definition is an identifying judgment that provides information about the use of a language unit. The simplest type of a definition is a sentence that asserts the meaning of a word or a term. The theory of definitions is closely related to the problem of classification of objects and phenomena of reality. A definition determines the content characterization of a concept and the place of a term in theoretical taxonomies. Gorski ( 1974) considers definitions to be an essential part of scientific theories, since they are closely related to their content. Definition, according to Aristotle (n.d.), is a designation of what a given thing is. His ideas in modern terms can be defined as relating to the construction of scientific systems. The problem of definitions in science goes back to Aristotle. Keywords: Classifications, legal terminology, semantics, types of definitions Introduction The conclusion was made about the coincidence of logic in defining the objects in various modern branches of science and art. As a result, all possible variants of definitions found in logic and linguistics were found and described. The methodology of the paper is based on the descriptive analysis of definitions, which were selected from legal dictionaries and analysed from the point of view of the structural components of the definitions. The purpose of the paper is to consider various types of legal definitions in English from the point of view of ways of linguistic representation of legal information and to find out, whether the system of legal definitions in English fits their general typology. Definitions are inseparable units of legal communication and legal discourse, predetermining legal thinking and reasoning. This information in law is encoded not only in legal texts (theoretical or legislative), but also in definitions which equal the meanings of the terms. The terminological studies have been topical for decades and they are still relevant as terms do not only denote special notions, but also provide specific information. The subject of the article is English legal terminology, and its object is the study of the types of definitions used in the legal terminology of the English language. ![]()
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